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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">endofocus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">FOCUS Эндокринология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FOCUS. Endocrinology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-0177</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0185</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "Издательство "Перо"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.62751/2713-0177-2025-6-2-04</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">endofocus-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инсулинорезистентность как ключевой фактор риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при предиабете: возможности раннего терапевтического воздействия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Insulin resistance as a key risk factor for cardiovascular complications in prediabetes: Early therapeutic options</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-4457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скуридина</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skuridina</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скуридина Дарья Викторовна – ассистент кафедры эндокринологии</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Skuridina – assistant at the Department of endocrinology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shurpesha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-540X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидова Татьяна Юльевна – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой эндокринологии</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Yu. Demidova – D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.y.demidova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5531-8202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Часовская</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chasovskaya</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Часовская Юлия Сергеевна – клинический ординатор кафедры эндокринологии</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya S. Chasovskaya – clinical resident</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.chasowskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Кардиоэндокринология</issue-title><elocation-id>29–37</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скуридина Д.В., Демидова Т.Ю., Часовская Ю.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скуридина Д.В., Демидова Т.Ю., Часовская Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skuridina D.V., Demidova T.Y., Chasovskaya Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://endofocus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/148">https://endofocus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на значительные успехи в лечении сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) за последние два десятилетия, они остаются основной причиной смерти во всем мире. Сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД2) и предиабет широко распространены среди лиц с ССЗ и ассоциированы с неблагоприятными исходами. Широкая распространенность углеводных нарушений в популяции связаны преимущественно с развитием инсулинорезистентности (ИР), которая чаще всего представляет собой наиболее ранний дефект, формирующийся на самых ранних этапах кардиоренометаболического синдрома. Метаанализы обсервационных исследований свидетельствуют, что взрослые среднего возраста с предиабетом имеют повышенный риск развития атеросклеротических сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (АССЗ), сердечной недостаточности и смертности от всех причин. Согласно последним данным, при анализе 30-летнего риска предиабет в сравнении с нормогликемией был умеренно связан с риском развития таких осложнений, как АССЗ, хроническая сердечная недостаточность, хроническая болезнь почек, и смертности от всех причин. Эта связь оставалась значимой даже после учета прогрессирования предиабета до СД2 (относительный риск 1,18; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,12–1,24). Таким образом, предиабет способствует риску развития неблагоприятных клинических исходов даже без прогрессирования до СД. Комплексная терапия, направленная на коррекцию ИР, может обеспечить достижение лучшей компенсации и предупредить развитие каскада кардиометаболических расстройств. В представленном обзоре освещена роль ИР и предиабета в развитии ССЗ и долгосрочные преимущества своевременной диагностики и терапии ранних нарушений углеводного обмена.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite significant advances in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) over the past two decades, they remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes are widespread among people with CVD and are associated with adverse outcomes. The widespread occurrence of carbohydrate disorders in the population is mainly associated with the development of insulin resistance (IR), which is most often the earliest defect formed at the earliest stages of cardiorenometabolic syndrome. Meta-analyses of observational studies have shown that middle-aged adults with prediabetes have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ARVD), heart failure, and all-cause mortality. According to the latest data, in a 30-year risk analysis, prediabetes was moderately associated with the risk of complications such as CVD, chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and all-cause mortality, compared with normoglycemia. This association remained significant even after taking into account the progression to T2DM (HR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.12–1.24), and 85% (95% CI: 75–94%) of the excess risk of developing any complications with prediabetes remained. That is, the progression of T2DM explains less than a quarter of the risks of clinical outcomes associated with prediabetes. In other words, prediabetes contributes to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes even without T2DM progression. And complex therapy aimed at correcting IR can ensure better compensation and prevent the development of a cascade of cardiometabolic disorders. This review will focus on the role of IR and prediabetes in the development of CVD and the long-term benefits of timely diagnosis and therapy of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>предиабет</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>метформин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>prediabetes</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>metformin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ et al.; American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2020 update: A report from the American Heart Association. 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