endofocusFOCUS ЭндокринологияFOCUS. Endocrinology2713-01772713-0185ООО "Издательство "Перо"10.62751/2713-0177-2025-6-4-07endofocus-166Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWЦеребральные расстройства и сахарный диабет: центральные эффекты ингибиторов натрий-глюкозных котранспортеровCerebral disorders and diabetes mellitus: Central effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-2231АнтоноваК. В.AntonovaK. V.

Антонова Ксения Валентиновна – д.м.н., врач-эндокринолог, ведущий научный сотрудник 1-го неврологического отделения 

г. Москва

Kseniya V. Antonova – D. Sci. (Med.), endocrinologist, leading researcher at the 1st Neurological Department

Moscow

kseniya.antonova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8652-2947ПанинаА. А.PaninaA. ­ A.

Панина Анастасия Андреевна – врач-невролог, аспирант 1-го неврологического отделения

г. Москва

Anastasia A. Panina – neurologist, postgraduate student of the 1st Neurological Department

Moscow

panina.a.a@neurology.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-4991ЛагодаО. В.LagodaO. V.

Лагода Ольга Викторовна – к.м.н., врач-невролог высшей категории, старший научный сотрудник 1-го неврологического отделения 

г. Москва

Olga V. Lagoda – C. Sci. (Med.), neurologist of the highest category, senior researcher at the 1st Neurological Department

Moscow

lagoda.ov@neurology.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-6935ЩукинаЕ. П.ShukinaE. P.

Щукина Елена Павловна – к.м.н., ассистент кафедры психиатрии и наркологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского 

г. Москва

Elena P. Shchukina – C. Sci. (Med.), assistant at the Department of psychiatry and narcology

Moscow

shchukina_e_p@staff.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-8227-1119ВеберС. А.WeberS. A.

Вебер Софья Альфредовна – ординатор 2-го года обучения, кафедра психиатрии и наркологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского

г. Москва

Sofya A. Weber – 2nd year resident, Department of psychiatry and narcology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine

Moscow

Sonyaweber99@mail.ruФГБНУ «Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук»Russian Center of Neurology and NeurosciencesФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)20252712202564Нейроэндокринология5562Copyright © Антонова К.В., Панина А.А., Лагода О.В., Щукина Е.П., Вебер С.А., 20252025Антонова К.В., Панина А.А., Лагода О.В., Щукина Е.П., Вебер С.А.Antonova K.V., Panina A.A., Lagoda O.V., Shukina E.P., Weber S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://endofocus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/166

Сахарный диабет (СД) ассоциирован с повышенным риском нарушений мозгового кровообращения и худшего исхода инсульта, а также характеризуется большой частотой когнитивных нарушений. Уязвимость головного мозга перед метаболическими и сосудистыми повреждающими факторами, сопровождающими течение СД, определяет необходимость понимания механизмов патологического процесса в условиях коморбидности, поиска и имплементации мер церебропротекции. Лечение СД включает модификацию образа жизни, контроль гликемии и оптимизацию остальных факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Интенсификация гликемического контроля позволяет добиться снижения риска микроваскулярных диабетический осложнений, но не доказала свою эффективность в профилактике сосудистых заболеваний головного мозга и КН. Новейший класс антигипергликемических препаратов – ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера-2 (иНГЛТ-2) – занял прочное место в терапии СД 2 типа (СД2). Появляется все больше подтверждений того, что применение иНГЛТ-2 может влиять на снижение риска инсульта у пациентов с СД2, а также способствовать сохранению когнитивных функций.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk of cerebral circulatory disorders and a worse stroke outcome, and is also characterized by a high incidence of cognitive impairment (CI). The vulnerability of the brain to metabolic and vascular damaging factors accompanying the course of diabetes determines the need to understand the mechanisms of the pathological process in conditions of comorbidity, to search for and implement measures of cerebroprotection.DM treatment includes lifestyle modification, glycemic control, and optimization of other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Intensification of glycemic control makes it possible to reduce the risk of microvascular diabetic complications, but it has not proven effective in preventing vascular diseases of the brain and heart failure. The newest class of antihyperglycemic drugs, sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, has taken a strong place in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (DM2). There is increasing evidence that the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors can reduce the risk of stroke in patients with T2DM, as well as contribute to the preservation of cognitive functions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.