The impact of smoking on the intestinal microbiota: From pathogenesis to modern approaches to risk reduction
https://doi.org/10.62751/2713-0177-2025-6-3-10
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a complex and unique structure that includes tens of thousands of bacterial species and regulates many processes in the human body to maintain homeostasis. Cigarette smoke, being a source of exposure to toxic chemicals, causes a wide range of pathological processes associated with smoking, one of which is a change in the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota, increased permeability of the mucous membrane and local inflammatory reactions. This review highlights the currently accumulated knowledge about the mechanisms of the influence of cigarette smoke on the intestinal microbiota, and also examines the concept of harm reduction from smoking, which offers a patient who is not motivated to quit smoking to switch to products that are less harmful than traditional cigarettes and have a reduced risk.
About the Authors
T. Yu. Demidova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatyana Yu. Demidova – D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of the Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Medicine,
Author ID: 7003771623
Moscow
T. T. Mayarbieva
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Tanzila T. Mayarbieva – Assistant of the Department of endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Medicine
Moscow
V. E. Bairova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Valeria E. Bairova – Assistant of the Department of endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Medicine
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Demidova T.Yu., Mayarbieva T.T., Bairova V.E. The impact of smoking on the intestinal microbiota: From pathogenesis to modern approaches to risk reduction. FOCUS. Endocrinology. 2025;6(3):77-85. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.62751/2713-0177-2025-6-3-10
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